The Subculture Theory Of Delinquency - 2247 Words

A culture is the way of life of a particular group of people that is learned and shared. On the other hand subculture is described as the non-dominant group within a society, usually smaller groups as it is not the primary culture. A subculture is created based on an idea such as music, age, location, religion or even lifestyle. The subculture theory of delinquency explains the subculture that exists in society, which contains different value systems than the rest of society. The key element in the subculture theory of delinquency is to achieve an understanding of those who are seen as an outcast or delinquent. The theory of subculture delinquency was created by Albert Cohen in the 1950’s and the main study subject in this theory was boys. One of the main ideas of his was that violence and aggression, or delinquency in general, are ways for boys to earn respect and earn a title as â€Å"masculine†. The theory has evolved since then, girls are also subject to subculture delinquency, but in 1950 study was primarily focused on boys. This theory also explains the relationship between delinquency and lower class. Not only are these youths put at a disadvantage compared to their peers being in a lower class, but they are also at greater risk to be born into families where family role models have not obtained their own personal ambitions and educational goals. Students who are seen as more popular and who do better in school are more likely to do better all around, grades,Show MoreRelatedTheory of Delinquency1458 Words   |  6 PagesTheory of delinquency Deviant sub-cultural theories of crime focus on subcultures, i.e. groups within wider society with norms, lifestyles and values distinct from those of mainstream society. The focus in sub-cultural theories is on delinquency. In the UK, a preoccupation with the idea that future crime was determined by juvenile delinquency came about as a result of the 1895 UK Gladstone Committee, wherein research focused on gang culture among young males (aged 16-25). Deviance is perceivedRead MoreYouth Deviance Essay1376 Words   |  6 PagesCritically examine the theory of deviance with reference to young people and their membership in deviant subcultures or gangs. Deviance is associated with young people today and is rapidly on the increase within the street and school environment. Young deviants are engaging in gang membership and subcultures with a means of social belonging, social interest and ethnic identity. There are several sociological and subcultural theories which deem to explain deviance. Some of the theories are functionalistRead MoreAlbert Cohens Meaning Of Delinquent Subcultures1463 Words   |  6 PagesAlbert Cohen’s work on delinquent subcultures was influenced by Robert Merton and Edwin Sutherland as he was student of both. Cohen draws on Merton’s strain theory as an underlying theory to develop his understanding on delinquent subculture within inner city neighborhoods. Cohen’s text Delinquent Boys: The Culture of the Gang (1955) was first of the subcultural theories of crime aimed at explaining the emergency of delinquent subculture and how one can get to the root of the issue. According toRead MoreCorre lations Between Abuse and Delinquency1162 Words   |  5 PagesAbuse and delinquency have been linked together for many years. There have been many studies done to determine whether victims of abuse have higher rates of delinquency, as compared to those who have not encountered abuse. It has been found that adolescents who were victims of sexual assault were three to five times more likely to experience posttraumatic stress disorder, be abused again, be dependent on drugs and alcohol, or commit delinquent acts compared with adolescents who were not victimizedRead MoreThe Cultural Theory Of Crime And Violence1515 Words   |  7 PagesDefined, a subculture is a culture that exists within the main dominant culture of a society. Therefore, members of a subculture will have different norms and values to those in the rest of society, which in turn could lead to them being seen as deviant because of this. Youth subcultures provide members with an identity that sits outside of that assign ed by social foundations such as family, school, home and work. Participants of a subculture often make people aware of their membership by makingRead MoreSocial Disorganization Theory And Cultural Deviance Theory1325 Words   |  6 PagesAs criminologist continue research on the sociological theories as it relates to the social structure, social process and the impact of social life. There is still room to compare and contrast the social structure theories that include social disorganization theory, strain theories and cultural deviance theory. The social disorganization theory was first referenced with the displacement among immigrants. Scholars believed this was due to the immigrants inability to transfer norms and values fromRead MoreSubcultural Inequality Theory921 Words   |  4 PagesJewish Swiss who developed theories that represent extensions to the theories of strain, social disorganization, and differential association. He was also a student of Robert Merton and Edwin S outherland. Cohen argues that middle-class children experience strain and status frustration to which they respond to adopting one of three roles: college boy, corner boy, or delinquent boy. Cohen also developed the theory of subcultural delinquency. 2-Diffential Opportunity Theory: Developed by Richard ClowardRead MoreOutline and Evaluate Functionalist Explanation of Crime.1442 Words   |  6 PagesFunctionalism is a consensus structuralist theory, which sees the source of crime and deviance located in the structure of society. Although crime and deviance might be stigmatised in society, some sociologist think it is important to have it occur and there are some benefits to it. Durkheim (1982) argued that crime is an inevitable feature of social life, because individuals are composed to different influences and circumstances, and so not everyone can be equally committed to the shared valuesRead MoreDifference Between Integrated Theory And Holistic Theory1200 Words   |  5 PagesAn integrated theory merges concepts, but it does not attempt to explain all criminal behavior from different concepts or assumptions. The difference between integrated theory and holistic theory is it does not attempt to explain all criminal behavior, but a holistic (general) theory of crime attempts to explain all forms of criminal behavior through a single approach.There are four examples of a holistic (general) theory of crime John Braithwaite’s theory of crime shaming and reintegration, GottfredsonRead MoreThe Theories Of Crime And Criminal Behavior1493 Words   |  6 PagesIn this essay the author will be drawing up on three different criminological theories and ho w they can explain crime and criminal behaviour differently. There is no universal definition of crime that gives a simple and straight forward definition. Crime is a constantly changing idea that changes due to the persons perceptions of what they would classify as ‘crime’ and what is regarded as criminal behaviour (crime and criminology). There is also no straightforward way of explaining what criminal

Transactional Analysis - Communication - 3356 Words

Transactional analysis Eric Berne s Transactional Analysis - early TA history and theory Transactional Analysis is one of the most accessible theories of modern psychology. Transactional Analysis was founded by Eric Berne, and the famous parent adult child theory is still being developed today. Transactional Analysis has wide applications in clinical, therapeutic, organizational and personal development, encompassing communications, management, personality, relationships and behaviour. Whether you re in business, a parent, a social worker or interested in personal development, Eric Berne s Transactional Analysis theories, and those of his followers, will enrich your dealings with people, and your understanding of yourself. This†¦show more content†¦Our parent is formed by external events and influences upon us as we grow through early childhood. We can change it, but this is easier said than done. Child Our internal reaction and feelings to external events form the Child . This is the seeing, hearing, feeling, and emotional body of data within each of us. When anger or despair dominates reason, the Child is in control. Like our Parent we can change it, but it is no easier. Adult Our Adult is our ability to think and determine action for ourselves, based on received data. The adult in us begins to form at around ten months old, and is the means by which we keep our Parent and Child under control. If we are to change our Parent or Child we must do so through our adult. In other words: †¢ Parent is our Taught concept of life †¢ Adult is our Thought concept of life †¢ Child is our Felt concept of life When we communicate we are doing so from one of our own alter ego states, our Parent, Adult or Child. Our feelings at the time determine which one we use, and at any time something can trigger a shift from one state to another. When we respond, we are also doing this from one of the three states, and it is in the analysis of these stimuli and responses that the essence of Transactional Analysis lies. A wonderful analogy - the person who had feelings story - explains how experiences and conditioning in early life affect behaviour in later life.Show MoreRelatedEssay about Transactional Analysis982 Words   |  4 Pages Transactional Analysis, according to Eric Berne is a powerful tool for human well-being. Eric Berne deals with the psychology behind our transactions. Transactional Analysis determines which ego state is implemented by the people interacting. People are made with three basic ego states, which are the parent, adult and child. Some people have a controlling ego state and others are constantly changing. All parts are needed for a well-rounded personality. The child is linked with intuitionRead MoreTransactional Analysis1117 Words   |  5 Pages Transactional Analysis Theories of Counseling Gabriele Lauer-Ballard Baker College of Jackson May 27, 2013 Transactional Analysis Transactional Analysis is one of the most accessible theories of modern psychology. Transactional Analysis was founded by Eric Berne, and the famous parent adult child theory is still being developed today. Transactional Analysis has wide applications in clinical, therapeutic, organizational and personal development, encompassing communications, managementRead MoreTeam Leadership, Team Building and Transactional Analysis as Tools of Organisational Development and Change6396 Words   |  26 PagesChandaria School of Business Masters in Business Administration Course: Leadership and Management of Change Code: BUS 6030 Semester: Fall 2011 TOPIC: TEAM LEADERSHIP, TEAM BUILDING AND TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS AS TOOLS OF ORGANISATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND CHANGE Group Member Adera P. Musyula Dominica G. Nkonge Lecturer: Prof Ciru Getecha Table of Contents 1.0 ORGANISATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ......................................................................... 3 1.1 Importance of OrganizationRead MoreEssay on Ta and Gestalt3196 Words   |  13 PagesIn this essay I will give an explanation of my understanding of Transactional Analysis, more commonly known as ‘TA’, and the Gestalt theory to counselling, as discussed in module one, year three of the Chrysalis Counselling course. I will then apply these approaches, and demonstrate the methodology to a previous client case study, discussing what I could have achieved. I will offer a brief outline of the case in question to allow for clear understanding of the presenting issue, and the possible outcomesRead MoreExplain the Key Features of Two Therapeutic Models (Cbt and Ta)1426 Words   |  6 Pagesdefining and solving problems (1996: pg 228) Transaction Analysis (also known by its abbreviation TA) is an integrative approach to the theory of psychology and psychotherapy. It is described as integrative because it has elements of psychoanalytic, humanist and cognitive approaches. TA was first developed by Canadian-born US psychiatrist, Eric Berne, starting in the late 1950s. TA is a social psychoanalysis and a method to improve communication. Berne wanted a theory which could be understood andRead Moreï‚ § Critically Evaluate Core Transactional Analysis (T.a) Concepts and Practice4276 Words   |  18 PagesAssignment: * Critically evaluate core Transactional Analysis (T.A) concepts and practice * Assess personal and professional learning from this module. The first part of this essay starts by outlining the key concepts of T.A.; its assumptions, theory of personality and ego-states, transactions, strokes, games and the Karpman Drama Triangle, life scripts and existential life positions. It then goes onto critically evaluate core T.A. concepts and practice from the perspective of HumanisticRead MoreTransactional Analysis1180 Words   |  5 PagesTransactional Analysis Dr. Eric Berne, the originator of Transactional Analysis, has explained transaction is a unit of social intercourse. According to him, if two or more people encounter each other†¦sooner or later one of them will speak, or give some other indication of acknowledging the presence of the others. This is called transactional stimulus. Another person will then say or do something which is in some way related to stimulus, and that is called transactional response. What is transactionalRead MoreRole Of Playing Through Transactional Analysis1950 Words   |  8 PagesRole Playing through Transactional Analysis Nidhee Meshram Assistant Professor Department of English LAD and Smt RP College for Women Nagpur- 10 email-cnidhee@yahoo.co.in Mobile No.- 9823915173 Abstract Role Play is an integral part of the Communication Skills syllabus in English. All the professional courses these days include Role Plays to motivate learners about verbal, nonverbal communication leading to professionalism. The conceptRead MoreThe Role Of Investigative Workshop On My Adjacent Sides Essay1124 Words   |  5 Pagesfor ten minutes. This activity helped to recognize the skills that I need further improvement. Workshop 6: In this workshop, power issues between manager and employee were discussed. Transactional analysis is the process of understanding the interactions between individuals. There are three states in this analysis, parent ego state, adult ego state and child ego state. Parent state is very controlled since they are experienced and know the external events. Child state has the behavior of emotionRead MoreManaging and Responding to Behaviours in a Learning Environment3327 Words   |  14 Pagesdisruptive behaviour included the following: †¢ Arriving late †¢ Listening to iPoD †¢ Persistent talking †¢ Throwing objects †¢ Derogatory remarks †¢ Withdrawn attitude of a few The most disruptive of these, selected for analysis, was the derogatory behaviour of a specific group of learners who arrived late, kept talking loudly among themselves and when questioned became derogatory. They also displayed domineering characteristics. The fact that this was an afternoon session

P Evaluation Free Essays

Carry out a risk assessment In a health and social care setting using the Information you have planned with your class put together a risk assessment on the findings of the residential home. MM- Assess the hazards identified in the health or social care setting Del- Make recommendations in relation to identify hazards to minimize the risks to the service user group Type of Hazard Risk caused Probability of hazard Severity of hazard Risk Factor How can the risk be reduced/prevented? Water or any liquids of the floor. Service users and staff slipping and tripping on the water, resulting In Injury. We will write a custom essay sample on P Evaluation or any similar topic only for you Order Now 4 24 HIGH When there Is water or any liquids on the floor, stay by the spillage till another member of staff bring the warning wet floor sign. Once the sign has been put over the spillage, clean up the spillage to reduce the risk of someone slipping/tripping over. Fire Service users and staff suffering from getting Injured from burns, or Inhaling high dosages of smoke from the fire. 7 14 MEDIUM Ensure that all fire alarms are working correctly, so they are able to detect a fire quickly. Also ensure that all members of staff and service users known the fire safety procedures so they know the easiest and safest route out of the building to prevent themselves from getting injured. Also ensure that lifts are closed off and out of use, to prevent service users and staff from using them, and causing further Injury. Incorrect use of medication Service users taking either too much medication or not enough medication or not the erect medication that will result in further injury. 3 Ensure that all medication within the residential home is clearly labeled with the name of the medication, and what the medication is used for to cure. Also ensure that all members of staff within the residential home Is fully trained of what medicines should be used and what they should be used for. Electricity appliances glass to smash, as well as electrical appliances blowing up and setting on fire. 4 8 LOW Ensure that all electrical appliances are tested regularly, to ensure that none of the electrical appliances are broken or faulty which may result in a fire. Food Food can become contaminated which can result in germs being spread and resulting in staff members and service users becoming ill. 2 Ensure that all members of staff wear clean suitable clothing such as gloves, hair tied up and blue plasters on when they have cut themselves as well as washing their hands regularly to prevent germs from being spread and food contamination from occurring. How to cite P Evaluation, Papers

Catcher In The Rye Essay Prompts Example For Students

Catcher In The Rye Essay Prompts Holden Caulfields problem is that he cannot find anyone that he can relate to in life, which makes him alone and depressed. All of Holdens life he criticizes and sizes people up to his standards. This leaves him alone and by himself. He never can really admit his emotions to people and seems to only relate to those elite few who he knows and trusts. Holden describes these phony people in his life. Just about everyone he meets except a few seem to be phonies to him. As long as there is some fault in a person that makes them more open and exciting than Holden he insults them and puts them down in his mind:Her name was Lillian Simmons. My brother D.B. used to go around with her for a while How marvelous to see you! old Lillian Simmons said. Strictly a phony Holden, youre getting handsomer by the minute. (86, Salinger)People who just want to be nice to Holden are criticized by him and brushed off as not being serious. Maybe he is right, but maybe he just does not want to befriend someone who will leave him. Since Holdens brother Allie died he has had some trouble reaching out to people. He expresses this in the way that he only likes and is friends with his siblings. Also how he still talks to his brother even though he is dead and he knows it:Then I started doing some thing else. Every time Id get to the end of the block Id make believe I was talking to my brother Allie And when Id reach the other side of the street without disappearing, Id thank him. Then it would start all over again (198)Holdens illusion of his brother still with him, gives him the safety and reassurance that he is not alone, but he should not be getting this from his dead brother. Holden constantly finds himself disliking everything he does or sees, the only things he enjoys are things that stay the same and do not change on him. He feels that if things stay how they were then he can still feel connected and near people (Allie):The best thing, though, in that museum was that everything always stayed right where it was. Nobodyd move. You could go there a hundred thousand times, and that Eskimo would still just be finishing catching those two fish(121)Holden is alone in the world in his own mind, but he really is not. He has to open to people and learn to do that in a way where he does not judge their every move. When Holden realizes that by shutting out the world he creates the phonies that he always meets, then he can see his problem clearly and will be able to solve it.